wip openbao

2025-10-27 23:36:15 -05:00 · 2025-10-27 23:36:15 -05:00 · 570f371834
commit 570f371834
parent 94914268d0
3 changed files with 594 additions and 0 deletions
--- a/hosts/h001/mods/default.nix
+++ b/hosts/h001/mods/default.nix
@ -12,5 +12,6 @@
    ./oauth2-proxy.nix
    ./n8n.nix
    ./postgresql.nix
+    ./openbao.nix
  ];
 }
--- a/hosts/h001/mods/openbao.nix
+++ b/hosts/h001/mods/openbao.nix
@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+{
+  config,
+  lib,
+  pkgs,
+  ...
+}:
+{
+  services.openbao = {
+    enable = true;
+    package = pkgs.openbao;
+    
+    settings = {
+      ui = true;
+      
+      listener.tcp = {
+        address = "127.0.0.1:8200";
+        tls_disable = true; # nginx will handle TLS
+      };
+      
+      storage.file = {
+        path = "/var/lib/openbao";
+      };
+      
+      # Disable mlock requirement for development
+      # In production, you may want to enable this
+      disable_mlock = true;
+    };
+  };
+
+  # Ensure the data directory exists with proper permissions
+  systemd.tmpfiles.rules = [
+    "d /var/lib/openbao 0700 openbao openbao - -"
+  ];
+
+  # Additional systemd service hardening
+  systemd.services.openbao = {
+    serviceConfig = {
+      # Security hardening
+      NoNewPrivileges = true;
+      PrivateTmp = true;
+      ProtectSystem = "strict";
+      ProtectHome = true;
+      ReadWritePaths = [ "/var/lib/openbao" ];
+      
+      # Resource limits
+      LimitNOFILE = 65536;
+      LimitNPROC = 4096;
+    };
+  };
+}
--- a/secrets_epic.md
+++ b/secrets_epic.md
@ -0,0 +1,543 @@
+# Secrets Management Migration Epic
+
+Migration from agenix to OpenBao for dynamic secrets management with Zitadel OIDC authentication.
+
+## Goals
+
+- Replace static encrypted secrets (agenix) with dynamic runtime secrets (OpenBao)
+- Enable automated host onboarding with single identity token
+- Support offline operation through vault-agent caching
+- Graceful degradation when secrets unavailable
+
+## Phase 1: OpenBao Setup on h001
+
+### 1.1 Create OpenBao NixOS Module ✅
+
+**File:** `hosts/h001/mods/openbao.nix`
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [x] Create basic module structure using `services.openbao`
+- [x] Configure file storage backend at `/var/lib/openbao`
+- [x] Set up TCP listener on `127.0.0.1:8200`
+- [x] Enable UI (`services.openbao.settings.ui = true`)
+- [x] Add systemd service hardening options
+
+**Config structure:**
+```nix
+services.openbao = {
+  enable = true;
+  settings = {
+    ui = true;
+    listener.tcp = {
+      address = "127.0.0.1:8200";
+      tls_disable = true;  # nginx will handle TLS
+    };
+    storage.file = {
+      path = "/var/lib/openbao";
+    };
+  };
+};
+```
+
+### 1.2 Configure Nginx Reverse Proxy
+
+**File:** `hosts/h001/nginx.nix`
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Add virtualHost for `vault.joshuabell.xyz`
+- [ ] Configure SSL using existing ACME wildcard cert
+- [ ] Set up proxy to `http://127.0.0.1:8200`
+- [ ] Enable websockets for UI
+- [ ] Add security headers
+
+**Expected config:**
+```nix
+services.nginx.virtualHosts."vault.joshuabell.xyz" = {
+  addSSL = true;
+  sslCertificate = "/var/lib/acme/joshuabell.xyz/fullchain.pem";
+  sslCertificateKey = "/var/lib/acme/joshuabell.xyz/key.pem";
+  locations."/" = {
+    proxyPass = "http://127.0.0.1:8200";
+    proxyWebsockets = true;
+    recommendedProxySettings = true;
+  };
+};
+```
+
+### 1.3 Import Module
+
+**File:** `hosts/h001/mods/default.nix`
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Add `./openbao.nix` to imports list
+
+### 1.4 Initial Deployment
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Deploy to h001 with `nixos-rebuild switch`
+- [ ] Verify OpenBao service is running
+- [ ] Access UI at `https://vault.joshuabell.xyz`
+- [ ] Initialize OpenBao (generates root token and unseal keys)
+- [ ] Save unseal keys and root token securely (LastPass/Bitwarden)
+- [ ] Unseal the vault
+
+**Commands:**
+```bash
+# Check service status
+systemctl status openbao
+
+# Initialize (do once)
+openbao operator init
+
+# Unseal (after each restart, requires 3 of 5 keys by default)
+openbao operator unseal <key1>
+openbao operator unseal <key2>
+openbao operator unseal <key3>
+```
+
+### 1.5 Enable KV Secrets Engine
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Login to OpenBao with root token
+- [ ] Enable KV v2 secrets engine at path `kv/`
+- [ ] Create initial secret structure
+
+**Commands:**
+```bash
+export VAULT_ADDR='https://vault.joshuabell.xyz'
+openbao login <root-token>
+openbao secrets enable -version=2 kv
+openbao kv put kv/test password=hello
+openbao kv get kv/test
+```
+
+## Phase 2: Zitadel Integration
+
+### 2.1 Configure OpenBao OIDC Auth Method
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Get Zitadel OIDC discovery URL (`https://sso.joshuabell.xyz/.well-known/openid-configuration`)
+- [ ] Create service account in Zitadel for OpenBao
+- [ ] Generate client ID and client secret
+- [ ] Configure OIDC auth method in OpenBao at path `oidc/`
+- [ ] Set up bound audiences and claims
+
+**Commands:**
+```bash
+openbao auth enable oidc
+
+openbao write auth/oidc/config \
+  oidc_discovery_url="https://sso.joshuabell.xyz" \
+  oidc_client_id="<client-id-from-zitadel>" \
+  oidc_client_secret="<client-secret-from-zitadel>" \
+  default_role="nixos-host"
+```
+
+### 2.2 Create OpenBao Policies
+
+**File:** Document policies in code or external files
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Create `nixos-host-base` policy (read access to host-specific paths)
+- [ ] Create `nixos-h001` policy (read `kv/data/hosts/h001/*`)
+- [ ] Create `nixos-h002` policy (read `kv/data/hosts/h002/*`)
+- [ ] Create `nixos-h003` policy (read `kv/data/hosts/h003/*`)
+- [ ] Create admin policy for manual management
+
+**Example policy:**
+```hcl
+# nixos-h001 policy
+path "kv/data/hosts/h001/*" {
+  capabilities = ["read", "list"]
+}
+```
+
+**Commands:**
+```bash
+openbao policy write nixos-h001 - <<EOF
+path "kv/data/hosts/h001/*" {
+  capabilities = ["read", "list"]
+}
+EOF
+```
+
+### 2.3 Create OpenBao Roles for Hosts
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Create OIDC role `nixos-h001` bound to Zitadel machine user
+- [ ] Create OIDC role `nixos-h002` bound to Zitadel machine user
+- [ ] Create OIDC role `nixos-h003` bound to Zitadel machine user
+- [ ] Associate each role with corresponding policy
+
+**Commands:**
+```bash
+openbao write auth/oidc/role/nixos-h001 \
+  bound_audiences="<client-id>" \
+  allowed_redirect_uris="http://localhost:8250/oidc/callback" \
+  user_claim="sub" \
+  policies="nixos-h001" \
+  bound_claims='{"sub":"<machine-user-id-from-zitadel>"}'
+```
+
+### 2.4 Create Machine Users in Zitadel
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Login to Zitadel at `https://sso.joshuabell.xyz`
+- [ ] Create machine user `nixos-h001`
+- [ ] Create machine user `nixos-h002`
+- [ ] Create machine user `nixos-h003`
+- [ ] Generate JWT credentials for each
+- [ ] Save JWTs securely (these will be injected during install)
+- [ ] Note the subject claim (`sub`) for each machine user
+
+### 2.5 Test OIDC Authentication
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Attempt OIDC login from CLI using machine user JWT
+- [ ] Verify token is issued
+- [ ] Verify policies are attached
+- [ ] Test reading a secret with issued token
+
+**Commands:**
+```bash
+# This will open browser - may need manual flow for machine users
+openbao login -method=oidc role=nixos-h001
+
+# Verify token and policies
+openbao token lookup
+```
+
+## Phase 3: NixOS vault-agent Integration
+
+### 3.1 Create Reusable vault-agent Module
+
+**File:** `flakes/common/nix_modules/vault_agent.nix`
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Create module with options for:
+  - Vault address
+  - Auth method and role
+  - JWT token path
+  - Secret definitions (path, destination, owner, restart command)
+- [ ] Configure auto-auth with OIDC
+- [ ] Set up file sink for token caching at `/var/lib/vault-agent/token`
+- [ ] Enable caching for offline operation
+- [ ] Create template blocks for each secret
+- [ ] Set up systemd tmpfiles for directories
+- [ ] Configure proper file permissions and ownership
+
+**Module structure:**
+```nix
+{ config, lib, pkgs, ... }:
+let
+  cfg = config.services.vault-agent;
+in {
+  options.services.vault-agent = {
+    enable = lib.mkEnableOption "vault-agent";
+    vaultAddress = lib.mkOption { type = lib.types.str; };
+    role = lib.mkOption { type = lib.types.str; };
+    jwtPath = lib.mkOption { type = lib.types.str; default = "/etc/vault/jwt"; };
+    secrets = lib.mkOption {
+      type = lib.types.attrsOf (lib.types.submodule {
+        options = {
+          path = lib.mkOption { type = lib.types.str; };
+          destination = lib.mkOption { type = lib.types.str; };
+          owner = lib.mkOption { type = lib.types.str; default = "root"; };
+          group = lib.mkOption { type = lib.types.str; default = "root"; };
+          permissions = lib.mkOption { type = lib.types.str; default = "0400"; };
+          template = lib.mkOption { type = lib.types.str; };
+          command = lib.mkOption { type = lib.types.nullOr lib.types.str; default = null; };
+        };
+      });
+    };
+  };
+  
+  config = lib.mkIf cfg.enable {
+    # systemd service config
+    # vault-agent configuration file
+    # tmpfiles rules
+  };
+}
+```
+
+### 3.2 Add Module to Common Flake
+
+**File:** `flakes/common/flake.nix`
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Export vault-agent module in `nixosModules`
+- [ ] Ensure it's available to host configurations
+
+### 3.3 Create Host-Specific Configuration
+
+**File:** `hosts/h001/mods/vault-integration.nix`
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Import vault-agent module
+- [ ] Configure vault-agent for h001:
+  - vault address: `https://vault.joshuabell.xyz`
+  - role: `nixos-h001`
+  - JWT path: `/etc/vault/h001-jwt`
+- [ ] Define secrets needed by h001 services
+- [ ] Configure service dependencies (services wait for vault-agent)
+
+**Example:**
+```nix
+services.vault-agent = {
+  enable = true;
+  vaultAddress = "https://vault.joshuabell.xyz";
+  role = "nixos-h001";
+  secrets = {
+    postgres-password = {
+      path = "kv/data/hosts/h001/postgresql";
+      destination = "/run/secrets/postgres-password";
+      owner = "postgres";
+      group = "postgres";
+      template = "{{ with secret \"kv/data/hosts/h001/postgresql\" }}{{ .Data.data.password }}{{ end }}";
+      command = "systemctl try-reload-or-restart postgresql.service";
+    };
+  };
+};
+
+systemd.services.postgresql = {
+  requires = [ "vault-agent.service" ];
+  after = [ "vault-agent.service" ];
+};
+```
+
+### 3.4 Import vault-integration Module
+
+**File:** `hosts/h001/mods/default.nix`
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Add `./vault-integration.nix` to imports
+
+## Phase 4: Migrate First Secret
+
+### 4.1 Choose Test Secret
+
+**Decision:** Start with `openwebui_env.age`
+- Non-critical if it fails
+- Single host (h001)
+- Environment file format (good test case)
+- Service can gracefully fail
+
+### 4.2 Add Secret to OpenBao
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Decrypt current `openwebui_env.age` to get values
+- [ ] Parse environment variables
+- [ ] Add each value to OpenBao at `kv/hosts/h001/openwebui`
+
+**Commands:**
+```bash
+# Decrypt current secret
+ragenix -d openwebui_env.age > /tmp/openwebui.env
+
+# Add to vault (example, adjust based on actual env vars)
+openbao kv put kv/hosts/h001/openwebui \
+  api_key="xxx" \
+  other_var="yyy"
+```
+
+### 4.3 Update Service Configuration
+
+**File:** `hosts/h001/mods/openwebui.nix`
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Remove agenix secret reference
+- [ ] Change service to use `/run/secrets/openwebui-env`
+- [ ] Add vault-agent secret definition for this env file
+- [ ] Configure service dependency on vault-agent
+
+### 4.4 Deploy and Test
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Deploy configuration to h001
+- [ ] Verify vault-agent service starts
+- [ ] Check `/run/secrets/openwebui-env` is created
+- [ ] Verify openwebui service starts successfully
+- [ ] Test openwebui functionality
+- [ ] Test offline scenario (stop openbao, restart host, verify cached secret works)
+
+### 4.5 Remove Old Secret
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Remove `openwebui_env.age` from `flakes/secrets/`
+- [ ] Remove from `secrets.nix` definitions
+- [ ] Commit changes
+
+## Phase 5: Migrate Remaining Secrets
+
+### 5.1 Migrate Environment Files
+
+**Secrets to migrate:**
+- [ ] `obsidian_sync_env.age`
+- [ ] `vaultwarden_env.age` (on o001, expand to that host)
+
+**Process per secret:**
+1. Add to OpenBao at appropriate path
+2. Update service configuration
+3. Test deployment
+4. Remove old agenix file
+
+### 5.2 Migrate Single-Value Secrets
+
+**Secrets to migrate:**
+- [ ] `oauth2_proxy_key_file.age`
+- [ ] `zitadel_master_key.age` (careful - currently used in container bind mount)
+
+**Process per secret:**
+1. Add to OpenBao
+2. Update service to read from vault-agent rendered file
+3. Test thoroughly
+4. Remove old agenix file
+
+### 5.3 Decide on SSH Keys
+
+**Secrets to evaluate:**
+- `nix2*.age` - SSH keys for git/deployment access
+- `headscale_auth.age` - network auth
+- `us_chi_wg.age` - wireguard config
+- `github_read_token.age` - API token
+- `linode_rw_domains.age` - DNS API token
+
+**Decision criteria:**
+- How often do they change?
+- Would dynamic fetching improve security?
+- Is rotation feasible?
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Document which secrets stay in agenix
+- [ ] Document why (static network config, rotation not needed, etc.)
+- [ ] Migrate appropriate ones to OpenBao
+
+### 5.4 Expand to Other Hosts
+
+**Per host (h002, h003):**
+- [ ] Create machine user in Zitadel
+- [ ] Create policy and role in OpenBao
+- [ ] Add secrets to OpenBao at `kv/hosts/h00X/`
+- [ ] Create vault-integration module for host
+- [ ] Generate and save JWT token
+- [ ] Test deployment
+
+**Per host (lio, oren, gpdPocket3):**
+- [ ] Evaluate which secrets they need from OpenBao
+- [ ] Configure vault-agent for mobile/offline scenarios
+- [ ] Test cached operation when offline
+
+## Phase 6: Automated Onboarding Preparation
+
+### 6.1 Document JWT Injection Process
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Create standard location for JWT: `/etc/vault/jwt`
+- [ ] Document manual process to inject JWT during install
+- [ ] Test manual injection on testbed host
+
+### 6.2 Create Wrapper Script for nixos-anywhere
+
+**File:** `scripts/install-host.sh` or similar
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Create script that takes hostname and target IP
+- [ ] Script copies JWT from local secrets store
+- [ ] Uses nixos-anywhere with post-partition hooks
+- [ ] Injects JWT to `/mnt/etc/vault/jwt` before nixos-install
+
+### 6.3 Test Full Installation Flow
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Boot testbed host to installer
+- [ ] Run wrapper script
+- [ ] Verify host installs successfully
+- [ ] Verify host boots and authenticates to OpenBao
+- [ ] Verify services start with secrets
+
+### 6.4 Document New Onboarding Process
+
+**File:** Update `readme.md` or create `docs/onboarding.md`
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Document Zitadel machine user creation
+- [ ] Document OpenBao policy/role setup
+- [ ] Document adding secrets to OpenBao
+- [ ] Document host configuration steps
+- [ ] Document install command
+- [ ] Document verification steps
+
+## Phase 7: Production Hardening
+
+### 7.1 OpenBao Auto-Unseal
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Research auto-unseal options (cloud KMS, Shamir, etc.)
+- [ ] Implement chosen auto-unseal method
+- [ ] Test restart without manual unseal
+
+### 7.2 Backup and Recovery
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Set up automated OpenBao snapshots
+- [ ] Test restore from backup
+- [ ] Document recovery procedures
+- [ ] Store unseal keys in secure location (separate from backups)
+
+### 7.3 Monitoring and Alerting
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Add OpenBao metrics to Grafana (already have monitoring on h001)
+- [ ] Create alerts for:
+  - Sealed state
+  - Authentication failures
+  - Secret access errors
+- [ ] Monitor vault-agent health on each host
+
+### 7.4 Secret Rotation
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Document secret rotation procedures
+- [ ] Identify secrets that should rotate regularly
+- [ ] Create rotation schedule
+- [ ] Test rotation without service interruption
+
+### 7.5 Security Review
+
+**Tasks:**
+- [ ] Review OpenBao policies (principle of least privilege)
+- [ ] Review network access (firewall rules)
+- [ ] Review audit logging
+- [ ] Review JWT token expiration and renewal
+- [ ] Penetration test (attempt to access secrets without proper auth)
+
+## Success Criteria
+
+- [ ] OpenBao running and accessible at `https://vault.joshuabell.xyz`
+- [ ] Zitadel OIDC authentication working for machine users
+- [ ] At least 3 secrets migrated from agenix to OpenBao
+- [ ] Services on h001 starting successfully with vault-agent secrets
+- [ ] Offline operation tested and working (cached secrets)
+- [ ] Documentation complete for onboarding new hosts
+- [ ] No secrets in git except encrypted agenix files for static configs
+- [ ] Clear migration path established for remaining secrets
+
+## Rollback Plan
+
+At any point, can rollback by:
+1. Reverting host configuration to use agenix
+2. Ensuring agenix secrets still exist and are valid
+3. Redeploying previous configuration
+4. OpenBao can continue running for future use
+
+## Notes
+
+- Keep agenix infrastructure until migration fully complete
+- Test each migration step on h001 before expanding to other hosts
+- Prioritize services where dynamic secrets add value
+- Some secrets (SSH keys, wireguard) may never migrate - that's ok
+- Focus on secrets that would benefit from:
+  - Dynamic generation
+  - Automatic rotation
+  - Centralized management
+  - Audit logging